⚡ Hydrogen Fuel Cell Propulsion Course

Complete Guide for Low-Speed Vehicles & Golf Carts

⚡ Module 6: Power Management

Control Strategies

1. Constant Power Strategy (Recommended):

FC runs at constant optimal power (60-70% rated)

Battery provides all power variation

Advantages: Extended FC life, optimal efficiency

2. Load Following Strategy:

FC output tracks load demand directly

Disadvantages: Frequent power changes reduce stack life

Drive Cycle Simulation

Figure 6.1: Hybrid power split during typical golf cart operation

Battery SOC Management

SOC Range Operating Mode Strategy
90-100% Full Charge FC output reduced, battery provides main power
50-90% Normal Operation Hybrid mode, optimal power split
30-50% Charge Priority FC runs at higher power to recharge battery
20-30% Low Battery Warning FC maximum output, limited battery discharge

Key Takeaway

Operating the FC at 50-70% of maximum power provides the best balance between efficiency, component life, and performance. The hybrid battery handles power variations, allowing the FC to run in its optimal range.